In a testament to its growing public health expertise, Uganda has officially declared an end to its latest Ebola outbreak, demonstrating how decades of experience in managing the deadly virus can lead to swift and effective containment. The announcement came after the country successfully met the World Health Organization’s (WHO) strict 42-day monitoring period with no new cases reported.
The outbreak, which was confirmed on January 30, 2025, began when a male nurse tested positive for the virus in the capital city of Kampala. During the three-month crisis, health authorities documented 14 cases – 12 confirmed through laboratory tests and two probable cases. Sadly, four people lost their lives, while ten individuals recovered after receiving treatment. Health officials closely monitored 534 people who had contact with confirmed and probable cases to prevent further spread.
Uganda’s Ministry of Health, working closely with the WHO and other partners, launched a comprehensive response that included several key measures. According to WHO reports, the country:
- Activated national coordination structures
- Deployed rapid response teams
- Strengthened surveillance systems
- Established dedicated treatment units
- Reinforced border health measures, particularly in Kampala and at entry points
The WHO provided substantial support by mobilizing more than 130 national and international staff members who assisted with:
- Case investigation
- Contact tracing
- Laboratory diagnostics
- Case management
- Testing of over 1,500 samples
This outbreak presented unique challenges as it involved the Sudan strain of the Ebola virus, for which there is currently no approved vaccine. Despite this limitation, health authorities launched a randomized clinical trial to test candidate vaccines’ safety and efficacy using a ring vaccination approach within four days of declaring the outbreak.
This was Uganda’s ninth Ebola outbreak since recording its first case in 2000, and the country’s expertise showed in its response. Dr. Chikwe Ihekweazu, Acting WHO Regional Director for Africa, noted that while the outbreak “challenged us in new ways” by affecting both urban and rural communities, Uganda’s leadership in tackling public health emergencies proved crucial to the successful outcome.
Although the outbreak is over, Uganda’s health authorities remain vigilant. The Ministry of Health, with ongoing support from WHO and partners, will continue to:
- Invest in surveillance systems
- Provide care for survivors
- Maintain preparedness measures
- Ensure the country stays protected against future outbreaks
The successful containment of this outbreak highlights the importance of experienced leadership, rapid response capabilities, and strong international cooperation in managing public health emergencies. As noted by Dr. Kasonde Mwinga, WHO Representative in Uganda, “Uganda’s leadership and resilience were crucial in containing this outbreak… The people of Uganda have shown extraordinary resolve.”
For those interested in learning more about Ebola virus disease and public health responses, you can read about previous outbreaks and containment strategies.